What is a myocutaneous flap?

Myocutaneous flaps are compound flaps with a solitary vascular supply incorporating skin, subcutaneous tissue, fascia, and the underlying muscle. Once a pedicled or free-tissue transfer is performed, the newly transferred flap begins to incorporate into the surrounding tissue.

What type of muscle is sternocleidomastoid?

cervical muscles
The sternocleidomastoid muscle is one of the largest and most superficial cervical muscles. The primary actions of the muscle are rotation of the head to the opposite side and flexion of the neck. The sternocleidomastoid is innervated by the accessory nerve.

What is the action of the sternocleidomastoid muscle?

When acting together it flexes the neck and extends the head. When acting alone it rotates to the opposite side (contralaterally) and slightly (laterally) flexes to the same side. It also acts as an accessory muscle of inspiration.

What is blood supply to sternocleidomastoid?

The middle third of the SCM muscle mostly receives its blood supply from 1 branch of the superior thyroid artery and the external carotid artery. In nearly one third of the specimens (8 [27%] on the right side and 8 [26%] on the left), these 2 arteries almost equally shared the blood supply.

Where is the myocutaneous flap?

Local Flaps of the Head and Neck The pectoralis myocutaneous flap is based on the thoracoacromial artery (pectoral branch), which exits the subclavian artery at the midportion of the clavicle and courses medial to the insertion of the pectoralis minor tendon.

What does Myocutaneous mean?

(mŭs’kyū-lō-kyū-tā’nē-ŭs), Relating to both muscle and skin.

What is the insertion site of the sternocleidomastoid muscle?

mastoid process
The sternal head originates from the manubrium sterni, while the clavicular head from the medial third of the clavicle. The insertion is the lateral surface of the mastoid process of the temporal bone and the lateral half of the superior nuchal line of the occipital bone.

Is the sternocleidomastoid superficial or deep?

The sternocleidomastoid muscle (SCM) starts at the base of your skull and runs along both sides of the neck. After the platysma, it’s the most superficial neck muscle and is also one of the biggest.

What is the antagonist to the sternocleidomastoid muscle?

longus capitis
The sternocleidomastoid muscles help to flex the neck. Their antagonists are the longus capitis and the rectus capitis anterior.

What are the skeletal attachments of the sternocleidomastoid?

The sternocleidomastoid muscle is a two-headed neck muscle, which true to its name bears attachments to the manubrium of sternum (sterno-), the clavicle (-cleido-), and the mastoid process of the temporal bone (-mastoid).

What is pectoralis major myocutaneous flap?

The pectoralis major myocutaneous (PMMC) flap has been used as a versatile and reliable flap since its first description by Ariyan in 1979. In India head and neck cancer patients usually present in the advanced stage making PMMC flap a viable option for reconstruction.