What is the unit of rittinger number?
Rittinger’s number designates the new surface created per unit mechanical energy absorbed by the material being crushed. Larger value of Rittinger’s number of a material indicates its.
What is rittinger theory?
The oldest theory, Von Rittinger (1867), stated that the energy consumed in size reduction is proportional to the area of new surface produced. The surface area of a known weight of particles of uniform diameter is inversely proportional to the diameter, hence Von Rittinger’s law equates to: (5.2)
What is rittinger’s law formula?
Equation (11.3) is known as Rittinger’s Law. As the specific surface of a particle, the surface area per unit mass, is proportional to 1/L, eqn. This is a very much smaller reduction, in terms of energy per unit mass for the smaller particles, than that predicted by Kick’s Law.
What is the unit of Rittinger’s constant?
where, E is the energy per unit mass required for the production of a new surface by reduction, CR is called Rittinger’s constant which has a unit of J m/kg and is determined for a particular equipment and material, xf is the average initial feed size, and xp is the average final product size.
Which of the following equation is rittinger s crushing law?
P/m = K . 1.
What is Kick’s law?
Kick’s Law — The amount of energy required to crush a given quantity of material to a specified fraction of its original size is the same, regardless of the original size.
What is the size reduction?
Size reduction is a process of reducing large solid unit masses – vegetables or chemical substances into small unit masses, coarse particles or fine particles. Size reduction is commonly employed in pharmaceutical industries. Size reduction process is also referred to as Comminution and Grinding.
What are the advantages of size reduction?
Key Benefits of Particle Size Reduction: Part 1
- Increased Dissolution Rate.
- Improved Drug Delivery.
- Cleaning Product Health & Safety.
- Controlling Rate of Reaction.
- Greater Density.
- Greater Sedimentation Stability.
What are laws of comminution?
The comminution of solid materials consumes energy, which is being used to break up the solid into smaller pieces. The comminution energy can be estimated by: Holmes’s law, which modifies Bond’s law by substituting the square root with an exponent that depends on the material.
In what situation and factors Kick’s law is best applicable?
Kick’s law gives reasonably good results for coarse grinding in which there is a relatively small increase in surface area per unit mass. Rittinger’s law gives better results with fine grinding where there is a much larger increase in surface area • Bond’s law is intermediate between these two.
On which of the given kick’s law is based?
On which of the given, Kick’s law is based? Explanation: Kick proposed another law, based on the stress analysis of plastic deformation within the elastic limits. Explanation: The kick’s law states that the work required for crushing a mass of material is constant for the same reduction ratio.
What is reduction in size procedure?
Cutting: Size reduction is accomplished by forcing a sharp and thin knife through the material. In this process, minimum deformation and rupture of the material results and the new surface created is more or less undamaged. For example: Cutting of fruits and vegetable by sharp knife to reduce the size.
Why is Rittinger’s law 6.7 called that?
Equation (6.7) is known as ‘Rittinger’s law’. Due to the inaccuracy of the assumptions on which it is based and the difficulty in determining its parameters, Rittinger’s law is only approximate. A different expression for energy requirement of size reduction has been proposed by Kick.
Where are the errors in Rittinger’s laws of crushing?
Apparently errors have been introduced in lines 13 to 16 from foot (p. 170), by assuming that the distance through which the force acts is C S; that is, that it is a constant product of the final dimension, rather than of the dimension before the breakage takes place.
Which is the arithmetic mean between Rittinger and kick?
Bond [BON 52] made the hypothesis that the exponent of d p is the arithmetic mean between Rittinger and Kick’s values, being 0.5. In addition, it returns energy not to the volume but to the mass being processed and, for the specific energy, he writes:
Which is the record of Rittinger’s theory?
The present paper is the record of such a test, and is offered as showing that Rittinger’s theory more nearly represents the actual facts that any other proposed hitherto.
